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61.
62.
Zhiqiang Chen Lizhi Zhao Ye Ji Qinxue Wen Long Huang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(4):54
63.
Hang Zhang Shuo Chen Haiguang Zhang Xinfei Fan Cong Gao Hongtao Yu Xie Quan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(2):18
64.
Caihong Huang Zhurui Tang Beidou Xi Wenbing Tan Wei Guo Weixia Wu Caiyun Ma 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(6):127
65.
David T. Welsh 《Chemistry and Ecology》2013,29(5):321-342
Benthic macrofaunal populations through their feeding, bioturbation, burrow construction and sediment irrigation activities have profound influences on organic matter inputs to marine sediments (biodeposition) and on the vertical distribution of deposited organic matter within the sediment. These effects in turn influence the rates and pathways of organic matter mineralisation, and element cycles. Similarly, bioturbation, burrow construction and burrow irrigation are major determinants of sediment-water column fluxes of oxygen and nutrients. In this review, I discuss the influences of the different benthic macrofaunal feeding (functional) groups on mineralisation processes and sediment-water column fluxes of particulate and dissolved nutrients. How these effects influence diagenic processes, the balance between aerobic and anaerobic processes, and the redox status of the surficial sediments. Finally, I discuss some of the limitations of the predominantly laboratory techniques which have been used to study “macrofaunal effects” and how this hinders the inclusion of the effects in quantitative sediment biogeochemical models. 相似文献
66.
Luigi Vezzulli Daniela Marrale Mariapaola Moreno Mauro Fabiano 《Chemistry and Ecology》2013,29(6):431-440
Quantitative and qualitative changes in meiofauna community structure were investigated to assess the impact of a fish farm, which was operating continuously for 15 years (La Spezia Gulf, W Mediterranean). Sediment samples were collected in June, July, September, October 2000 and February 2001 for the analysis of phytopigments (chlorophyll-a and phaeopigments), the biochemical composition of organic matter (proteins, carbohydrates and lipids) and related to meiofaunal parameters. Sediment organic matter reached extremely high concentrations beneath the fish cages when compared to the control. Particularly lipids, carbohydrates and chlorophyll-a were significantly higher in fish-farm sediments. On a long-term basis meiofauna displayed adaptations in sediments beneath the cages resulting in an increase of density. Organic impact on meiofaunal community structure was evident in terms of an increase of the nematodes to copepods (Ne/Co) and nauplius to copepods (Na/Co) ratios in fish farm sediments. Cumaceans and kinorhynchs were encountered in control sediments, but disappeared in fish-farm samples. These data suggest that meiofauna is a sensitive tool for evaluating the effects of organic enrichment in fish farm impacted areas. 相似文献
67.
The aerobic biodegradability of organic substances in water is characterized by determination of energy change ‐ ATP content in microbial cells during biodegradation. A satisfactory result is obtained under the following conditions: the initial concentration of tested substance is 100mg/l (as DOC), the amount of the inoculum in the biological medium is 500mg/l (as MLSS), and the duration of test time is 14 days. The evaluating system (peak time, peak height and IA index) is proposed to assess the biodegradability of 46 organic compounds and 7 wastewaters. 相似文献
68.
生物炭对土壤水肥热效应的影响试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文通过野外大田小区试验以番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)为供试作物,通过在土壤中施加不同含量生物炭(Biochar)研究生物炭对土壤含水率、有机碳、速效养分含量和土壤温度的影响,从而寻求一个较为合适的施用量,为生物炭在内蒙古地区的大面积推广提供科学的理论依据。试验共设5个处理,3个重复:不施加生物炭(CK),生物炭使用量分别为10 t·hm^-2(A),20 t·hm^-2(B),40 t·hm^-2(C),60 t·hm^-2(D),在各生育期取土样测定土壤含水率、有机碳、速效养分含量,并在各生育期连续3天测定土壤地表温度。试验结果表明:不同处理下土壤含水率随生物炭施用量增加呈先增加后减小的趋势,且均高于对照组,其中施炭量为40 t·hm^-2处理的土壤含水率增幅最明显,0~10 cm土层各生育期土壤含水率较对照组最大增幅分别为20.8%、13.7%、21.8%,10~20 cm土层各生育期土壤含水率较对照组最大增幅分别为33.9%、17.1%、21.3%;不同处理下土壤温度随着生物炭施用量的增加而升高,两者具有显著的正相关关系,各生育期各处理土壤地表温度较对照组最大增幅分别为58.1%、31.3%、55.8%;不同处理土壤有机碳含量随着生物炭施用量的增加而增大,番茄各生育期各处理土壤有机碳含量较对照组最大增幅分别为80.9%、62.7%、63.9%;不同处理土壤中碱解氮、速效钾、速效磷含量均随生物炭施用量的增加而呈现先增大后减小的趋势,且均大于对照组,各生育期各处理土壤碱解氮较对照组最大增幅分别为92.7%、45.7%、106.5%,速效磷最大增幅分别为120.1%、39.3%、250.4%,速效钾最大增幅分别为86.2%、118.5%、203.4%。综上所述,生物炭对于砂壤土具有保水、保肥、保温的特性,对于提高土壤水肥利用效率,增加土壤有机碳具有重要的作用,而且通过试验验证40 t·hm^-2的施? 相似文献
69.
The temporal changes of the concentration level of typical toxic organics in the river sediments around Beijing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Qiang Li Xiong Xu Yaoyao Fang Ruiyang Xiao Donghong Wang Wenjue Zhong 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2018,12(6):8
In this study, the current situation of five types of toxic organics and endocrine disrupters in the sediments of rivers around Beijing, i.e., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalic acid esters (PAEs), organic chlorinated pesticides (OCPs), estrogens (Es), and bisphenol A (BPA), which included 56 contaminants, was analyzed and compared with that registered by the historical literatures. The ecological risks were also assessed. The total concentration of PAHs, PAEs, OCPs, Es, and BPA ranged from 232.5 ng·g–1 to 5429.7 ng·g–1, 2047.2 ng·g–1 to 18051.5 ng·g–1, 4.5 ng·g–1 to 11.7 ng·g–1, 18.1 ng·g–1 to 105.2 ng·g–1, and 36.3 ng·g–1 to 69.6 ng·g–1, respectively. Among these five types of organic compounds, the concentration levels of PAHs and OCPs have decreased significantly in the last ten years, while those of PAEs and Es had an upward trend compared with the previous studies. BPA still remained at a moderately high level, as it was ten years ago. The risks of the PAEs in all of the sample sites, and fluoranthene, benzo[a]anthrene, and benzo[a]pyrene in the Wenyu River sediment, were relatively high. These results supplemented the database of toxic organics’ concentration levels in the sediments of Beijing rivers. 相似文献
70.
The effects of turbulence intensity (velocity gradient, G (s−1)), Henry's law constant (H), and molecular weight (M) on the volatilization rates of organic compounds are examined using changes in the mass transfer coefficients (KOL (cm/min)) under specific liquid-mixing intensities. The selected compounds were divided into three groups according to their H values (mole in gas/mole in liquid, dimensionless), which ranged from 102 to 10−5. The relationship of the KOL relative to G, H and M was obtained via multiple regression. The obtained values of these parameters indicate that the primary factor affecting the KOL values of the high H compounds is their M values. The effects of the H values on the KOL values of the high H compounds can be neglected. On the other hand, the H value is the major factor determining the KOL values of the low H compounds. The changes in the KOL values of the different H compounds exhibit different profiles as the liquid-mixing intensity increases. The M and H values of middle H compounds possibly affect their KOL values. The effects of the liquid-mixing intensity on the KOL values of the organic compounds increase with increasing H values. The variation in the KOL values might be a result of the concentration of the organic compounds at the interface between the liquid and gas films. The empirical relationship between KOL and some selected parameters, G, H and M, is examined in this study. The obtained results can help to estimate volatilization loss of organic solutes in wastewater treatment facilities. 相似文献